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Legends of the Place

Our Khasi Hills have their share of legends, which have been passed on from one generation to another through word of mouth. Some of them had been recorded by the early missionaries and by British Civil Servants who had served in the Hills after the Hills were annexed to the British Empire. Khasi language got its script only after the missionaries adapted alphabets to express the spoken language in writing. Hence, one does encounter variations in narration and certain details, but one can easily discern the basic theme even in the differing versions. We are trying to bring out here the different versions, which help us to have a peek into the world of our ancestors. The frequent tragic endings in these legends seem to indicate a mindset. How we Khasis had lost our original script itself is an interesting story, which is also narrated below.

1. The Legend of 'Kwai' | 2. The Legend of Daiñthlen | 3. The Legend of Nohkalikai | 4. The Legend of the 'Forbidden Tree' | 5. The Legend of the Sun and the Moon | 6. The Legend of Ramhah | 7. The Legend of Ula and his wife | 8. The Legend about how the Khasis lost their script


Excerpt from the article "Notes on the Kasia Hills, and People" by Lt. Henry Yule, the Bengal Engineers (Sir Henry Yule, the Geographer): Published in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal Vol. XIV Part II - July to December, 1844

The Kasias have also their maid of Arc, or black Agnes. She was the wife of Ula. Ula was a great warrior at the court of Raja of Linkardyem, and the Raja married his sister.

Now in those days there were but twelve households in Cherra, and the Raja of Linkardyem, making war on the Raja of Cherra, drove him with his people to the woods, where they eat leather, and rind of certain fruits. But the Raja of Linkardyem was a savage, and abused his wife, the sister of brave Ula. For he placed her on a frame of bamboos, and lighted a fire beneath; and so, being roasted, she died. So Ula was wroth, and he went to the Raja of Cherra, and said, "Make me a great man, and I will avenge thee on thine enemy." So he of Cherra agreed; and Ula having cut off the head of the Raja of Linkardyem, brought it to him of Cherra, and so became the first counselor of the Raja. One day as Ula was going forth on his avocations, with others of the village, he said to his wife, "Clothe thyself with my arms and garments." Meantime the new Rajah of Linkardyem came against Cherra with a mighty host of four thousand men. Now the village of Cherra was well grit with palisades and ditches, and the wife of Ula went forth to the barriers in her husband's arms and clothing, and the other women doing likewise went with her, and when the army of Linkardyem beheld the arms and the shield, they shouted in terror "Ula, Ula !" and turned their backs in flight; for great was their fear of Ula. And the wives of Cherra, and the men who remained, went forth with the wife of Ula, and chased the Linkardyemians, and smote them sorely

From these twelve households come the twelve tribes which now exist in Cherra. My informant was of the house of Ula. I tell these tales as they were told.

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